Multiplication Table using Loops in C

To generate a multiplication table in C, we can use loops like for, while, or do-while. By iterating through numbers and multiplying them with a given value, we can print a structured multiplication table. In this tutorial, we will cover multiple approaches using different loop constructs.

Examples to Generate Multiplication Tables

1. Generating a Multiplication Table Using a for Loop

In this example, we will use a for loop to generate a multiplication table for a given number up to 10.

main.c

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#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num = 5; // Number for which we want to generate the table
    
    // Loop from 1 to 10 and print the multiplication result
    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
        printf("%d x %d = %d\n", num, i, num * i);
    }

    return 0;
}

Explanation:

  1. We declare an integer variable num and assign it the value 5, which represents the number whose multiplication table we want to generate.
  2. We use a for loop that runs from 1 to 10, where i represents the multiplier.
  3. Inside the loop, we use printf() to print the multiplication in the format 5 x 1 = 5, 5 x 2 = 10, etc.
  4. Each iteration prints one row of the multiplication table.

Output:

5 x 1 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
5 x 3 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
5 x 6 = 30
5 x 7 = 35
5 x 8 = 40
5 x 9 = 45
5 x 10 = 50

2. Generating a Multiplication Table Using a while Loop

In this example, we will generate a multiplication table using a while loop instead of a for loop.

main.c

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#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num = 7, i = 1; // Initialize number and counter

    // Loop while i is less than or equal to 10
    while (i <= 10) {
        printf("%d x %d = %d\n", num, i, num * i);
        i++; // Increment counter
    }

    return 0;
}

Explanation:

  1. We declare an integer variable num with a value of 7.
  2. We initialize a counter variable i to 1, which will be used to iterate through multipliers.
  3. The while loop runs as long as i is less than or equal to 10.
  4. Inside the loop, printf() prints the multiplication result.
  5. We increment i after each iteration to move to the next row.

Output:

7 x 1 = 7
7 x 2 = 14
7 x 3 = 21
7 x 4 = 28
7 x 5 = 35
7 x 6 = 42
7 x 7 = 49
7 x 8 = 56
7 x 9 = 63
7 x 10 = 70

3. Generating a Multiplication Table Using a do-while Loop

In this example, we will generate a multiplication table using a do-while loop, ensuring at least one iteration is executed.

main.c

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#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num = 9, i = 1; // Initialize number and counter

    // Loop executes at least once
    do {
        printf("%d x %d = %d\n", num, i, num * i);
        i++; // Increment counter
    } while (i <= 10);

    return 0;
}

Explanation:

  1. We declare an integer variable num with a value of 9.
  2. We initialize the counter variable i to 1.
  3. The do block executes at least once, printing the multiplication result.
  4. The condition while (i <= 10) ensures repetition until i exceeds 10.

Output:

9 x 1 = 9
9 x 2 = 18
9 x 3 = 27
9 x 4 = 36
9 x 5 = 45
9 x 6 = 54
9 x 7 = 63
9 x 8 = 72
9 x 9 = 81
9 x 10 = 90

Conclusion

We have demonstrated how to generate a multiplication table in C using three different loops: for, while, and do-while. Each method iterates through multipliers from 1 to 10, printing the results in a structured format.