Swift Integers

Integers are a fundamental data type in Swift, representing whole numbers without any fractional component. Swift provides a variety of integer types to suit different use cases, allowing for both signed and unsigned values with varying sizes.

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Swift Integer Types

Swift includes several integer types, each with specific size and range. Here’s an overview:

Type	Size (bits)	Range
Int	Platform-dependent (32-bit or 64-bit)	-2^(n-1) to 2^(n-1) - 1
UInt	Platform-dependent (32-bit or 64-bit)	0 to 2^n - 1
Int8	8	-128 to 127
UInt8	8	0 to 255
Int16	16	-32,768 to 32,767
UInt16	16	0 to 65,535
Int32	32	-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
UInt32	32	0 to 4,294,967,295
Int64	64	-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
UInt64	64	0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615

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Using Integers in Swift

Here’s an example of how different integer types are used in Swift:

File: main.swift

let age: Int = 30
let maxUInt8: UInt8 = 255
let temperature: Int16 = -40
let population: UInt64 = 7_874_965_825

print("Age: \(age)")
print("Maximum value for UInt8: \(maxUInt8)")
print("Temperature: \(temperature)°C")
print("World population: \(population)")

Explanation:

• Int: Stores signed integers, adapting to the platform size.
• UInt8: Stores unsigned 8-bit integers, ideal for small positive values.
• Int16: Stores signed 16-bit integers, useful for small positive or negative values.
• UInt64: Stores large unsigned integers, perfect for representing large positive values.

Output:

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Overflow Behavior

Swift provides arithmetic overflow operators to handle cases where operations exceed the limits of an integer type. For example:

File: main.swift

let maxValue: UInt8 = 255
let overflowedValue = maxValue &+ 1

print("Value after overflow: \(overflowedValue)")

Explanation:

• The value of maxValue is the maximum for a UInt8 type.
• The &+ operator performs addition but wraps around on overflow.

Output:

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Conclusion

Understanding Swift’s integer types allows you to choose the right type for your specific needs, balancing memory efficiency and range requirements.