What is Sales Tax and Purchase Tax in SAP?

Input tax (Purchase Tax) is levied on all types of purchases and output tax (Sales Tax) is levied on all types of sales. Every country follow its own sales tax, purchase tax procedure. Government can levy the taxes and changes the procedure from time to time as per the tax plan for the nation. There are two tier in tax jurisdiction i.e.

  1. Country level
  2. State Level

Examples of Purchases and Sales are

  1. Purchases:  local purchase, within or outside state purchase, VAT purchase, LST purchases, etc.
  2. Sales: – Local Sales, VAT Sales, within state sales, Outside state sales, etc.

How do we calculate sales tax and purchase tax

If we have purchased material for 100 within state and sold for 200 within state or outside state, let us calculate how the taxes are levied on sales and purchases.

For Purchases

Within StateOutside State
Basic Price1oo100
Excise duty88
Basic+Excise108108
Vat 5%5.40
CST – 2% (C Form)2.4
Bill Amount113.4110.16

For Sales

Within StateOutside State
Basic Price2oo200
Excise duty – 10% on basic price2020
Basic+Excise220220
Vat 14.5%31.90
CST – 2% (C Form)4.4
Bill Amount251.9224.4

Payments to Sales Tax Department

  1. Local Sales – Local Purchase:  31.9 – 5.5 = 26.4
  2. Local Sales – CST Purchases: 79.75 – 0 = 79.5
  3. CST Sales – CST Purchases: 4.4 -0 = 4.4
  • Tax paid on outside state purchases cannot be adjusted against the tax collected on local state sales or outside state sales
  • Tax paid within sate on purchases can be adjusted with against tax collected on local sales/ outside state sales.

SAP system provides tax version as per country level. We need to customize the tax procedures as per the organizational requirements. Major part of TAX customization will be done by MM consultant and SD consultant, however it is mandatory as the SAP FICO consultant should know about the outline configurations of the taxes.

Some of the important tax configurations are

  1. Define tax procedure
  2. Assign country to calculation procedure
  3. Define condition types
  4. Assign tax codes for non taxable transactions
  5. Create tax code for sales/purchases.