Welcome to our tutorial on “SAP SD Interview Questions on Customer Master.” As you step into the world of SAP Sales and Distribution (SD), understanding the Customer Master is crucial. This tutorial is meticulously designed to guide you through the most frequently asked sap sd interview questions, giving you a competitive edge. We’ll cover the essentials of Customer Master data, which is pivotal in managing customer-specific information within the SAP SD module.
By the end of this tutorial, you’ll be equipped with the knowledge to confidently answer questions and demonstrate your expertise to potential employers. Let’s begin this educational journey and pave the way to your success in SAP SD.
SAP SD Interview Questions on Customer Master
In SAP SD, the Customer Master is a critical component that stores all essential information about your customers. It serves as a central repository where details such as name, address, payment methods, and contact data are meticulously recorded.
In practical terms, think of it as the foundational database that supports all sales and distribution activities. When processing transactions, the system retrieves relevant data from the Customer Master to ensure accuracy and efficiency. Check the mostly asked SAP SD Interview Questions on Customer Master with answers.
Q: What is the purpose of ALE data for purchase order in sales organization?
A: The purpose of ALE (Application Link Enabling) data for a purchase order in a sales organization is to facilitate seamless integration and data exchange between different SAP systems. It ensures that purchase order information is accurately and efficiently transferred across systems within the organization.
Q: Where do we maintain pick pack time and loading time? What is the purpose of it?
A: Pick pack time and loading time are maintained at the shipping point level in SAP. The purpose is to determine the time required for processing the orders, including picking, packing, and loading goods, which helps in scheduling deliveries accurately.
Q: Where can I maintain pick pack time other than at the shipping point?
A: Besides the shipping point, pick pack time can also be maintained at the warehouse level in SAP, allowing for more detailed and location-specific processing times.
Q: What is the relationship between plant and shipping point?
A: In SAP, a plant is where goods are produced or stored, and a shipping point is a location where goods are shipped from. The relationship is such that one plant can have multiple shipping points, and this determines how goods are dispatched from the plant.
Q: How many sales organizations does your client have, and why?
A: The number of sales organizations a client has depends on their business structure and needs. Each sales organization represents a distinct selling entity within the company, often based on geographical regions or market segments.
Q: What is a business area?
A: A business area in SAP represents a specific segment of the business, such as a product line or market, for which financial statements can be created. It’s used for internal reporting and helps in analysing different areas of the business separately.
Q: How many divisions does your client have, and what are they?
A: The number and type of divisions a client has depend on their business structure. Divisions typically represent product lines or service categories, enabling the organization to manage and report on these segments separately.
Q: How many distribution channels does your client have, and what are they?
A: The number of distribution channels varies based on the client’s strategy and market presence. Common channels include direct sales, retail, wholesale, online, etc., each representing a different method of reaching the end customers.
Q: How many places do we assign a calendar?
A: In SAP, calendars can be assigned in several places, including the plant, shipping point, and work canter. They are used to determine working days and holidays for planning and scheduling purposes.
Q: What is a reconciliation account?
A: A reconciliation account in SAP is used in the general ledger to consolidate the transactions of subsidiary ledgers, like accounts payable and receivable. It ensures that the subsidiary ledgers are accurately reflected in the general ledger.
Q: What are invoicing dates?
A: Invoicing dates are the dates on which invoices are generated. They are determined based on the terms of the sale, such as immediately after delivery or at the end of a billing period.
Q: What is the transaction code for an invoice list?
A: The transaction code for accessing or creating an invoice list in SAP varies based on the system’s configuration, but commonly used codes include VF21 (to create), VF22 (to change), VF23 (to display), and VF27 (to list invoice lists).
Q: What is sales area and sales line?
A: A sales area in SAP SD is a combination of sales organization, distribution channel, and division, used to process and record sales transactions. The sales line refers to individual items in a sales order, detailing the specific products or services being sold.
Q: What is the purpose of shipping conditions?
A: Shipping conditions in SAP define how products are shipped to customers. They determine factors like the shipping method and logistics requirements, influencing how and when goods are delivered.
Q: From which partner function does the system consider shipping conditions?
A: The system typically considers shipping conditions from the ‘Ship-to Party’ partner function, as it directly relates to how and where the goods are to be shipped.
Q: What is POD? What happens if I check POD?
A: POD stands for Proof of Delivery. If POD is checked in the system, it requires confirmation that the goods have been received by the customer, adding an extra step in the delivery and billing process for verification purposes.
Q: How many partial deliveries can we make?
A: The number of partial deliveries in SAP are 9, it can be changed on the settings in the Sales order or CMIR. The system allows multiple partial deliveries unless restrictions are specified in the sales order or delivery settings.
Q: What is the prerequisite to combine multiple orders into a single delivery?
A: To combine multiple orders into a single delivery, the orders must have the same ship-to party, route, shipping point, and delivery date. Additionally, the items must be compatible in terms of packaging and transport.
Q: Where do we maintain cash discount percentages? And how is it determined in sales documents?
A: Cash discount percentages are maintained in the payment terms within the customer master record. These terms are then referenced in sales documents to apply discounts based on early payment conditions.
Q: What is a fixed day in payment terms?
A: A fixed day in payment terms refers to a specific date in a month by which payment must be made. For example, payment terms may stipulate that payment is due on the 15th of each month, regardless of the invoice date.
Q: How many places do we maintain payment terms in the customer master? Consider from the payer’s perspective.
A: Payment terms are primarily maintained in two places in the customer master: in the billing view for general billing information and in the sales area data for specific sales area-related payment conditions.
Q: Without configuring credit management, why is my order being blocked for credit?
A: If an order is blocked for credit without specific credit management configuration, it could be due to exceeded credit limits set in the customer’s master data or due to overdue payments affecting the customer’s credit status.
Q: From which partner function does the system consider incoterms?
A: The system usually considers incoterms from the ‘Sold-to Party’ partner function, as it relates to the terms of trade and delivery agreed upon between the seller and the customer.
Q: What is the criteria for determining a plant in a sales document?
A: The plant in a sales document is determined as follows: Customer Material Info Record, Customer Master and Material Master. The system selects the plant that can best fulfil these criteria for the specific sales order.
Q: Without configuring credit management, why is the system blocking the order for credit?
A: If an order is blocked for credit without credit management configuration, it could be due to internal credit control measures like exceeded credit limits or past due payments in the customer’s account.
Q: What is the prerequisite to process rebates?
A: To process rebates in SAP, prerequisites include setting up rebate agreements, configuring relevant pricing conditions, and ensuring the customer is eligible for rebates as per the agreement terms.
Q: What is the difference between price group and price list?
A: Price group in SAP is a classification of customers based on pricing conditions, whereas a price list is a detailed list of prices for products and services, often linked to specific customer groups or sales areas.
Q: What is the purpose of customer pricing procedure?
A: The customer pricing procedure in SAP defines how pricing conditions are determined and applied for a specific customer, taking into account factors like discounts, surcharges, and special pricing agreements.
Q: What is the purpose of an account group?
A: An account group in SAP is used to classify customers or vendors with similar characteristics. It controls the data that needs to be entered during the creation of a master record, ensuring consistency and compliance with business rules.
Q: What happens if we check ‘one-time account’ in account group?
A: Checking ‘one-time account’ in an account group signifies that the customer is a one-time customer. This means the customer details are not stored permanently and are used only for singular transactions.
Q: Why do we assign partner functions to partner procedures and account groups?
A: Partner functions are assigned to partner procedures and account groups to define roles like who the bill-to party or ship-to party is in transactions, ensuring accurate and consistent handling of sales and distribution processes.
Q: What is the purpose of the status field in number ranges?
A: The status field in number ranges in SAP indicates the current status of a number range, like the last number used. This helps in tracking and managing the allocation of unique numbers for transactions or master data records.
Q: If a user is duplicating a customer master record, how can the system give a warning message? Where is the control?
A: To control and issue a warning for duplicate customer master records, the system can be configured with duplicate check functionality, usually set up in the customer master record configuration settings.
Q: Where do we assign a customer calendar in the customer master?
A: A customer calendar is assigned in the sales area data of the customer master record. This calendar specifies the working days and holidays for the customer, used for scheduling deliveries and payments.
Q: How to configure the system if a client wants to receive goods only on Saturdays?
A: To configure this, create a specific shipping calendar for the client with only Saturdays marked as working days. This calendar is then assigned to the customer master record to ensure deliveries are scheduled accordingly.
Q: Which data from the customer master automatically updates into an already created sales order?
A: Data like payment terms, shipping conditions, and billing address from the customer master can automatically update in an already created sales order, provided the sales order configuration allows for such updates.
Q: What happens if we check ‘not modifiable’ in the partner determination procedure?
A: If ‘not modifiable’ is checked in the partner determination procedure, it means that the partner functions assigned to a sales document cannot be changed during the sales process, ensuring data integrity and adherence to predefined business rules.
Q: What happens if we check ‘mandatory’?
A: Checking ‘mandatory’ in the partner determination procedure means that the specified partner function is a required entry for the sales document. The system will prompt for this information and prevent further processing until it is provided.